What is Elbow Contracture?
Elbow contracture refers to a stiff elbow with a limited range of motion. It is a common complication following elbow surgery, fractures, dislocations, and burns.
The normal functional range of motion for an elbow is 30-145 degrees. A stiff or contracted elbow may be diagnosed when the ability to extend or flex the arm is lessened by 30 degrees or more. Flexion contractures greater than 45 degrees will significantly affect your ability to perform activities of daily living such as bathing and eating.
Symptoms of Elbow Contracture
The symptoms of elbow contracture include the following:
- Stiffness of the elbow
- Inability to fully extend or flex the arm
- Usually no associated pain
Causes of Elbow Contracture
The causes and risk factors associated with elbow contracture include:
- Elbow trauma
- Elbow surgery
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Loose bodies
- Osteophytes or bone spurs
- Malunions of fractures
- Joint infection
- Burns
Diagnosis of Elbow Contracture
Elbow conditions should be evaluated by an orthopedic surgeon for proper diagnosis and treatment. Your surgeon will review your medical history, and perform a physical examination and order diagnostic studies such as X-ray, CT scan, MRI and nerve conduction studies.